Pharmacotherapy, adverse drug reactions, and factors associated with clinical outcome in primary open-angle glaucoma

Pharmacotherapy, adverse drug reactions, and factors associated with clinical outcome in primary open-angle glaucoma

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Background: Glaucoma is a chronic, progressive optic neuropathy caused by a group of ocular conditions which lead to damage of the optic nerve with progressive diminution of vision.Medical management is currently the primary line of treatment in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of pharmacotherapy and the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and factors associated with clinical outcomes in patients with POAG.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 100 patients diagnosed with POAG satisfying inclusion toyota benify criteria.

The demographic, clinical, and treatment data along with ADRs to antiglaucoma drugs were noted.Descriptive statistics and Chi-square test were used to analyze the data.Results: The most commonly prescribed antiglaucoma medications were timolol (76%) and latanoprost (31%).The most common fixed-dose combination (FDC) prescribed was timolol + brimonidine (20%).

Thirty-seven percentage of the patients needed switch over from initial medications and 16% needed add-on therapy by the end of 1 year.The most common ADR was redness of the eye (30.5%).The target intraocular pressure (IOP) was achieved in 65% of the patients after 3 months of treatment.

It was found that target IOP was associated oval hexagon glass jar with gender and residence.Conclusion: Timolol was the most commonly prescribed antiglaucoma medication though it reported the highest number of ADRs.Timolol + brimonidine is the most commonly prescribed FDC.The target IOP was achieved in two-thirds of the POAG patients.